Thomas S. Wootton High
FORENSICS 101
Qualitative Analysis: Sodium Acetate (NaC2H3O2) Sodium Chloride (NaCl) Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate B-Soda (NaHCO3) Sodium Carbonate Bpowd(Na2CO3) Lithium Chloride (LiCl) Potassium Chloride (KCl) Calcium Nitrate (Ca(NO3)2) Calcium Sulfate (CaSO4) Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) Cornstarch (C27H48O20) Glucose (C6H12O6) Sucrose (C12H22O11) Magnesium
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Qualitative Analysis: Sodium Acetate (NaC2H3O2) Sodium Chloride (NaCl) Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate B-Soda (NaHCO3) Sodium Carbonate Bpowd(Na2CO3) Lithium Chloride (LiCl) Potassium Chloride (KCl) Calcium Nitrate (Ca(NO3)2) Calcium Sulfate (CaSO4) Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) Cornstarch (C27H48O20) Glucose (C6H12O6) Sucrose (C12H22O11) Magnesium Sulfate (MgSO4) Boric Acid (H3BO3) Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl) Benedicts solution: precipitate=glucose, no precipitate = sucrose Flame test: Sodium: yellow flame Lithium: carmine or red flame Calcium: yellow-red flame Boric Acid: bright green flame, very visible Ammonium Chloride: faint green flame Potassium: light purple, lavender flame Iodine: Black-> Cornstarch HCl: reacts with carbonates NaOH: Calcium and magnesium ions from a gel-like substance. Solubility: NAGSAG: Nitrates Acetates, Group I, Sulfates, Ammonium, Group XVII all (mostly soluble) Soluble Samples: sodium acetate, sodium chloride, sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium carbonate, lithium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium nitrate, glucose, sucrose, magnesium sulfate, boric acid, ammonium chloride Non-soluble Samples: calcium sulfate, calcium carbonate, cornstarch TESTING Solubility: 1. Put 5 ml of distilled water in each tube. Add a SMALL amount of one powder to each tube. Mix well. 2. When doing this in practice, note if the tube gets warmer or cooler when dissolving. This could be a great quick indicator of the powder. TEST for Insoluble Substances 1. CaCO3 bubbles with HCl-produces CO2 gas (ADD HCl directly to powder) 2. Cornstarch turns purple with iodine, other two are brownish colored (ADD to powder or “solution” and mix) 3. CaSO4 -- the one left TEST for Soluble Substances 1. Flame test. Use the powder directly. If the flame turns magenta, you have LiCl. If the flame turns green, you have boric acid (H3BO3). If the flame turns purple (you may only see
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