University of Washington

BIOL 180

[5 pts] The cell at left is in metaphase of (circle one): Meiosis II Meiosis I Mitosis
a) Give one piece of evidence: _______________________
Explain:
b) Give another piece of evidence: _______________________
Explain:
2. [14 pts] Last January Mustafa Chopan & Benjamin Littenberg published a study (doi: 10.1371/ journal.pone.
0169876) for which they had tracked 16,000 Americans for an average of 17 years. Each participant reported at
enrollment whether they ate hot chili peppers at least once a month. The death rate among participants who ate
hot peppers was 21.6%; the death rate among participants who did not eat hot peppers was 33.6% (P = 0.01).
a) What hypothesis does this study suggest?
b) What is the corresponding null hypothesis?
c) Identify a key shortcoming in the study that prevents us from drawing definitive conclusions about these
hypotheses, and explain:
Design a better study to test the hypothesis you stated in (a):
d) What is your independent variable?
e) Describe your treatment groups:
f) What is your dependent (response) variable?
g) Name one (and only one) variable you will need to control for:
h) How will you control for the variable y