• University of California, Berkeley

• ENVECON 141

 1 Bioeconomy Explain each question in a sentence or two: 1. (5 pts) What are the old and new bioeconomies? For each, give an example of a product we didn’t mention in lecture. • Old bioeconomy - fermentation • New bioeconomy - medicine, chemicals, GMOs • We mentioned cheese, wine, beer, pickled foods (old). Anythingspecific works for the new bioeconomy. • 3 points for what the bioeconomies are, 2 for an example 2. (5 pts) Why was the old bioeconomy important? Why is the new one important? • Old bioeconomy - allows people to overcome “seasonality constraints” (storing food), allows them to purify water (alcohol), etc. • New bioeconomy - providing sufficient food for a growing population, curing diseases, new types of fuel, etc. • 2.5 points for each. 3. (5 pts) Pesticides and the bioeconomy are intertwined in industrial agriculture. In your opinion, what is an important connection between them? • Any answer that makes sense is fine. • 5 points 2 Innovation 1. (5 pts) What is the theory of induced innovation? Describe it in a couple of sentences. Remember: the concept is broader than just agriculture! • The theory of induced innovation is the idea that innovation does not arise randomly – innovation arises due to social or economic pressures (e.g. scarcity, high prices). • 5 points