Jose Peña, Mark Rios, Jackson Pollard and Daniel AselinE-mails: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] AbstractThe purpose of this experiment was to examine the force experienced by a wire due to a flowing current and constant unknown magnetic field on a specific length parameter. Prior to experimentation, a strain gauge that was able to output a voltage read
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Jose Peña, Mark Rios, Jackson Pollard and Daniel Aselin
Abstract
The purpose of this experiment was to examine the force experienced by a wire due to a flowing current and constant unknown magnetic field on a specific length parameter. Prior to experimentation, a strain gauge that was able to output a voltage reading was calibrated to correspond to a physical applied force through the means of a linear relationship. Moreover, after establishing a current flow, the data acquisition system (DAQ) provided the reading for the force at a certain current intensity. The current intensity was varied and reversed to observe the effects. The data was then graphed and analysed to find the magnetic field magnitude.
1. Introduction
The Lorentz Force is a measure of the force experienced by a particle in a magnetic field as it travels at a specific velocity. It is mathematically defined as the sum of the charge scalar multiple of the cross product between the velocity and magnetic field vectors. [Eq. 1]. Moreover, in the case of having a charge flow rate - current - through a wire then the force experienced at an infinitesimally small region of the wire becomes proportional to the current scalar multiple of the cross product between the wire segment and magnetic field [Eq. 2]. The total force may be obtained by performing an integral. However, this integral is complicated and it is useful to assume that current density and current flow remain constant so that the calculation may be simplified to the product of current, wire length, and magnetic field [Eq. 3].
Equation 1: F = qE + q( V × B)
Force is perpendicular to both V and B vectors where V represents velocity and B represents magnetic field.
Equation 2: dF= i (dl × B)
Total force may be obtained by integration where I represents current and dl represents an infinitesimally small wire segment
Equation 3: F = I * B * L
Note that the slope of the graph of Force vs current may be divided by the length to obtain the magnetic field.
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