• California State University, San Bernardino

• CSE 456

What is an embedded system? (5 points)

Embedded systems is a system board that has a CPU, memory, and I/O devices

that is embedded into a larger project. These boards can be optimize since the

embedded systems is dedicated to a specific device, which makes them more

desirable to engineers.

2) Why SRAM runs faster than DRAM? (5 points)

DRAM has a slower access than SRAM due to small storage capacity and it

loses charge when read, bit cell drains over time. DRAM require periodic refresh

of charge and the refresh interval is tens of ms and is unavailable during refresh.

3) List at least two properties of an embedded system. (5 points)

Cost performance is lower and performance is faster.

4) What are the differences between embedded systems and general computing

systems? (5 points)

The difference between embedded systems and general computing, embedded

systems have a few applications and general have a broad class of applications.

Embedded systems are not programmable be the end user whereas general

purpose computing are programmed by the end user. Embedded systems have

fixed run-time requirements and general computing don’t have this requirement

and can run faster but will require a significant amount of power consumption.

5) A processer uses 32 bit addresses. So the addressable memory space is? (4

points)

(a) 4Gb (b) 4GB

The address apce is 2^32 bytes so around 4 gigabytes. So B is the answer.

6) How many data bits are used in UART communication? (4)

(a) 6-8 (b) 8

Answer is A

7) Which communication protocol allows the architecture of one master with

multiple slaves? (4 points)

(a) UART (b) SPI

Answer is B

8) Based on the address map, how many different addresses are available for

ports? Suppose a Switch is connected to Port 2, Pin 2. Determine the memory

address of Port 2. (8 points)