• La Consolacion University Philippines (formerly University of Regina Carmeli)

• BSN 100

CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS:

ACUTE GASTRITIS: Anorexia, Epigastric Pain (rapid

onset), Dyspepsia, Hematemesis, Hiccups, Melena or

Hematochezia, Nausea and Vomiting.

CHRONIC GASTRITIS: Melena or Hematochezia,

Belching, Early Satiety, Intolerance of fatty or spicy

foods, Nausea and Vomiting, Pyrosis, Sour taste in

mouth, Vague epigastric discomfort relieved by eating,

Pernicious Anemia and Fatigue

MEDICATIONS:

H2 receptor antagonists (Cimetidine) -

Antacids (Omeprazole) - Prostaglandins

(Sucralfate) – Antibiotics (Amoxicillin) -

Antidiarrheal

MEDICAL MANAGEMENT:

ACUTE: NPO until symptoms subside - Refrain from alcohol or food

until symptoms subside - NG tube, antacids, H2 receptor antagonists,

IV fluids - Emergency surgery – remove gangrenous or perforated

tissue - Gastric resection or gastrojejunostomy (treat gastric outlet

obstruction (pyloric obstruction)

CHRONIC: Modify diet, promoting rest, reducing stress, avoiding

alcohol and NSAIDs o Medications = H2 blockers, proton pump

inhibitors - H. pylori infection treatment (proton pump inhibitor,

antibiotics, bismuth salts (sometimes)

ETIOLOGY: Damage to the stomach lining (NSAIDs, alcohol,

smoking, caffeine, radiation exposure, stress) – (acute)

Helicobacter pylori infection (chronic)

DISEASE: Gastritis = Inflammation

or erosion of the gastric mucosa

NURSING INTERVENTIONS: Reducing

anxiety (supportive therapy) -

Promoting optimal nutrition

(Discouraging caffeinated beverages,

alcohol, cigarette smoking) If surgery

is indicated, pre and postoperative

care - Consulting a dietitian -

Promoting fluid balance (daily I&Os) -

Relieving pain/pain management -

instruct the patient to avoid foods

and beverages - - Monitor: Vitals,

I&Os, Lab tests, response to meds,

pain level, stress levels, signs of

bleeding